Essay on The World Trade Organization (WTO) - 2647 Words

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the most powerful lawmaking and legal body in the world. It is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. The goal of the organization is to help producers of goods and services, exporters and importers handling their business. †¢ Who We Are- The WTO was born out of negotiations, and everything it does is the result of negotiations. The purpose of it is to help trade flows as freely as possible- safeguarding no objectionable effects- as it is important for economic development and well-being. It also confirms the individuals, companies and governments know what the trade rules around the globe and giving them confidence of no sudden changes in policy. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦But regional agreement makes it harder for countries outside the region to trade with those inside and may discourage further opening up of markets, ultimately affecting the growth prospects. Essentially, RTA’s are desecrations to WTO’s non-discrimination principle. This is mentioned in the Most-Forward-Nation (MFN) rule in which countries cannot discriminate between their trading partners. However, WTO views RTA’s to be good and encouraged the formation of free trade areas and customs union. To confirm that RTA’s can improve regional trade liberalization without harming global trade liberalization. Article 24 of GATT makes sure that they should trade more freely and also created a Committee on Regional Trade Agreements (CRTA) to observe regional groups and to see that they are steady with WTO rules. Evolution Of Economic Union- †¢ 1945-1959 The European Union is set up with the aim to end the frequent and bloody wars between neighboring countries, which occurred during the Second World War. As of 1950, the European Coal and Steal Community begins to bond with the European countries economically and politically in order to secure peace between the countries. The EU started with six countries, which are Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and Netherlands. †¢ 1960-1969 The 1960’s see’s the riseShow MoreRelatedThe World Trade Organization ( Wto )1741 Words   |  7 PagesThe World Trade Organization (WTO) is a global organization that helps countries and producers of goods deal fairly and smoothly with conducting their business across international borders. It mainly does this through WTO agreements, which are negotiated and signed by a large majority of the trading nations in the world. The purpose of the WTO is to ensure that global trade commences freely, smoothly and predictably while also aiming to create economic peace and stability in the world through a multilateralRead MoreWorld Trade Organization ( Wto )1577 Words   |  7 PagesWorld Trade Organization On January 1st, 1995 is when something genius was invented called The World Trade Organization s (WTO) which is the main worldwide universal association managing the tenets of exchange between countries. The World Trade Organization basically supplanted the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which had been in power subsequent to 1948, a couple of years after the Second World War. Prior to when the WTO was made, an activity to begin something comparable knownRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto )1466 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Globalization has been one of the most import reasons why the world has become a place where everyone can communicate with each other, travel to places in a shorter period of time than before and have a massive variety of goods and services provided to, from which they can choose. Globalization opened a door and created a civilization that can bring people together and created all kinds of resources accessible to everyone. Technology improves every day and these helped countries toRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto )1345 Words   |  6 PagesThe World Trade Organization (WTO) is the most powerful legislative and judicial body in the world. It is an international organization that established to supervise and liberalize international trade. In total, there were 159 membership countries of the WTO in 2013. The WTO was created as part of the result of the Uruguay Round negotiations that concluded on 15th of December 1993. It was officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under t he Marrakech Agreement, and resulted from a series of GeneralRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto )831 Words   |  4 Pages1. Introduction The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established on 1995 as the result of Uruguay Round negotiations (1986 – 1994) and replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) with the purposes of developing free trade without barriers and discrimination towards sustainable development . The relationship between the WTO and diverse non-commercial concerns was also raised in the debate of Uruguay Round, including government transparency, human rights in generally, cultural issuesRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto )1640 Words   |  7 Pagesthe global world starting to become one it seems as though every country wants to participate in the trading system. It is currently the biggest phenomenon. Many countries that want to join the trading sector are afraid of some of the issues that comes with it such as laws and regulations that do not align with other countries. Countries have now started to join the World Trade organization (WTO) to help them integrate into the trading sector and help them with laws and regulations. The WTO seems asRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto ) Essay1797 Words   |  8 Pagesanalyzes how the world Trade Organization serves to protect, reduce and eliminate any international conflicts surrounding trade exportations and/or importations. The first variable to be analyzed in this paper is how the World trade organization came into existence. This background reference will help describe why there was a need for the creation of this organization. The next variable to be analyzed in this paper is the purpose and function of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Also, this paperRead MoreWorld Trade Organization ( Wto )1055 Words   |  5 PagesWorld Trade Organization (WTO) is an international institution that supervises and ensures the executions of trade agreements and treaties among economic entities. Its headquarter is located in Geneva (Switzerland). It was called Economic UN for its status of international tr ade. The volumes of trade of the members have become the majority international trade. It is the maker, supervisor and executor of multilateral trade treaties and agreements. It is an important place to settle trade disputesRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto )1587 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization that regulates the rules of trade between member nations. Its mission is to create a â€Å"common institutional framework† that will facilitate trade negotiations and settle disputes. Decision-making in the WTO include both formal and informal processes. At the formal level, decision making takes place under a specific legal framework, which includes rules or guidelines, division of authority, legal ramificationsRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto )1747 Words   |  7 PagesTo the Minister of Foreign Affairs, As I am sure you are quite aware, the trade and use of asbestos has always been a contested issue on and international scale. Canada itself was involved in an international trading dispute regarding asbestos with France, when the French government prohibited the import of all asbestos and asbestos products in a 1996 decree. The economic sanctions that have been placed on Canadian asbestos products by France have arguably damaged the historic economic and

Essay about How is Henry V Presented in the Play

Henry V is a wise and loyal king, changing from a wild youth to a mature king. He is described to be an intelligent, thoughtful and an efficient statesman. He thinks carefully whether to invade France or not which represents his responsible character. King Henry gives a very strong speech which gave courage and confidence to his army that they could win the battle. This character describes him to be a king of great ability to fight and having good administrative skills. Throughout the play Henry’s nature is religious, merciful and compassionate. Henry V renewed his family’s claim to the French throne after hundred years of war. Shakespeare is telling the audience in England that they are people of bravery. In act one, scene one the†¦show more content†¦Act one, scene two takes place in the â€Å"presence chamber† of the palace. The archbishop of Canterbury and Bishop of Ely convince Henry to go to war for his rightful claim to the French throne. One of the strongest reasons for him to claim the French throne was that Henry’s great-great-grand mother named Isabella was French. She was supposed to become the queen of France but because of the â€Å"Salic† law she could not be crowned. The â€Å"Salic† law meant that ladies were not allowed to become rulers of the country. The archbishop of Canterbury encourages the king in the quote â€Å"When a man dies, let the inheritance descend unto the daughter†. This quote explains the archbishop is urging the king from the bible that he has a right to become the king because of Isabella. The archbishop of Canterbury was forcing the king because invading France meant that the archbishop was going to bec ome more powerful in wealth. King Henry V agreed with the archbishop and thought that invading France was a great idea. King Henry calls the French ambassador, the French had sent Dauphin. Dauphin’s delivers an insulting message, he gives the king tennis balls saying that he is too immature to become a king yet. Henry V becomes insulted and says in the quote, â€Å"Hath turned his balls to gunstones, and his soul Shall stand sore charged for the wasteful vengeance That shall fly from them†. This explains howShow MoreRelatedEssay on William Shakespeares Henry V1606 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Henry V William Shakespeare is one of the most famous and influential writers of all time. His plays not only portray the past, but also aspects of love and hate, humour and tragedy. Henry V, written by Shakespeare, using Raphael Holinsheds historical chronicles, appealed to many of the citizens of that time, as it presented an insight into their countrys past, as well as feel-good nationalism. It would have been performed on stage at a timeRead MoreEssay about The Irony Depicted in Shakespeares Henry V1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe Irony Depicted in Shakespeares Henry V As Norman Rabkin has observed, Henry V is a play which organizes critics into rival camps of interpretation (35). It can be seen as a play that is ambiguous; a play that exposes the playwrights own indecision; a play that aggressively takes sides in favour of nationalistic fervour which Shakespeare himself didnt believe in (35). All of these views, writes Rabkin, are wrong since according to him the plays ultimate power lies in its abilityRead MoreThe Role of the Chorus in Henry V by William Shakespeare Essay1172 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Chorus in Henry V by William Shakespeare The role of the Chorus in the Shakespeares play, Henry V, is significant. Due to the subject matter that the play deals with, it is hard to present in the way that it deserves. The Chorus helps the audience follow the play by helping them to picture things as they were through the use of imagery. It uses descriptive language in describing events that take place in the play. The Chorus also helps in making the plot of the play flow together betterRead More Henrys Speeches in William Shakespeares Henry V Essay1344 Words   |  6 PagesSpeeches in William Shakespeares Henry V I will be writing about how Henry V wins the hearts of his men. Using, five main speeches that Henry V makes. I think that Henry won the hearts of his men by persuasion. Beforehand, I would like to apologize because I may talk about what ‘Henry’ says but I truly know this is what Shakespeare wrote. In the first speech the Dauphin presented Henry V with a set of tennis ballsRead MoreA Summary of William Shakespeares Henry IV Part 1937 Words   |  4 PagesHenry IV, Part 1 William Shakespeare is considered the most important playwright of the European Renaissance, if not the most important of all time. Each character in his collected works is uniquely defined and highly memorable. In Henry IV, Part I, Shakespeare writes about the struggle for the control of England during the time of the title king. Everything is in turmoil following his ascension to the throne and his legacy is in question because of the perceived personality of his successor toRead MoreKing Henry V As The Mirror Of All Christian Kings2043 Words   |  9 PagesIn this week’s first lecture we opened by watching the prologue from a production of Henry V. We discussed how this plays setting is that of some years after Henry IV. The present king Henry is the matured prince Hal from the last story. Shakespeare referred to King Henry V as â€Å"the mirror of all Christian kings, as he is a reflection of what Christian kings should be. We then talked about the essence of how this grand type of story could be effectively performed in a small wooden theater. We talkedRead MoreEssay on Hotspur vs. Harry in Henry IV1125 Words   |  5 PagesHotspur vs. Harry in Henry IV    At the beginning of the play it seems that the chief rebel, Hotspur, is in dispute with the King but as the play progresses we find that the main contest is between Hotspur and Hal, the Kings son. At first thought, Hotspur seems to be the easy winner, for all Hal does is spend his time with his friends gallivanting around, stealing and drinking.    Hotspur, on the other hand, has returned from a battle in which he defeated the Read MoreHenry Iv: Hotspur vs. Harry1129 Words   |  5 PagesHenry IV: Hotspur vs. Harry At the beginning of the play it seems that the chief rebel, Hotspur, is in dispute with the King but as the play progresses we find that the main contest is between Hotspur and Hal, the Kings son. At first thought, Hotspur seems to be the easy winner, for all Hal does is spend his time with his friends gallivanting around, stealing and drinking. Hotspur, on the other hand, has returned from a battle in which he defeated the Scots led by Glendower. He has taken manyRead MoreThe War And The Reality Of War1943 Words   |  8 Pagesare presented and developed in the play, Henry V and a selection of WW1 poems in a variety of ways. Parts of the play can be linked in with WW1 poems such as The Soldier by Rupert Brooke, Who s for the Game by Jessie Pope, Suicide in the Trenches by Siegfried Sassoon and Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen. The Henry V play is set in England in the early fifteenth century. The political situation in England is tense: King Henry IV has died, and his son, the young King Henry V, hasRead MoreEssay about Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare965 Words   |  4 Pageselope; Demetrius to prevent this, having been warned by Helena; and Helena herself to be with Demetrius. A situation that was all right before the play began is now off balance, with the two men loving Hermia, and Helena sad and lovelorn. In William Shakespeares tragic comedy play written in 1595, A M idsummer Nights Dream, there are two characters, who play as the leaders of both the human and magical worlds. These characters are Theseus, the Duke of Athens, and Oberon, the King of the Fairies.

Information Security Technology Task Ranging Form

Question: Describe about the Information Security Technology for Task Ranging Form. Answer: Introduction The aim of this report is to conduct a detailed literature survey on Internet of Things (IOT) and the security related issues and the available solutions. The first section contains the published report that has been published in a blog for discussion of the issue to generate better idea upon the subject. The section has been detailed in four subsections for understanding the challenges, present problems, technologies and vague areas. In the next section, the discussions of the blog have been summarized. In the subsequent section, the issues that have been important and discussed has been addressed. The next section deals with the impact of the issue in the real world and finally the reflection has been included to discuss the learning outcomes and results. Internet of Things (IOT) IOT is the interconnection of various devices which could perform a variety of tasks ranging from mobile PDAs to Objects such as machines. These devices could be interconnected with the help of internet and doesnt need any human interference for the transaction of data (Hwang Dongarra Fox, 2013). The evolution of IOT has been helped by the advanced communication media like wireless, MEMS (Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems) the internet and information technology. The major development that has been in IOT are in the area of automotive, smart homes, healthcare manufacturing, industrial internet, etc. (Internet of Things Applications across Industries, 2016). So it can be understood that such wide applications need a better security measure for its upkeep and maintenance. For analysis IOT various papers have been reviewed and discussed in detail according to the following parameters. Challenges and the issues The IOT since being a shared service has a lot of challenges that has to be resolved. The challenges can be grouped into the following sections for ease of understanding: Infrastructure and Standards: The Internet is the conglomeration of various hardware, software, embedded systems and devices that communicate with each other. Since the communication is done across such variety of devices hence, a common standard has to be maintained for communication between the devices (Usman et al... 2014). Hence to ensure a better connectivity between the devices, Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) has been formed (Industrial Internet Consortium, 2016). Access and control: The data that are transmitted over the internet has to be received by a controller for monitoring and controlling the device. Hence it is extremely important that the relevant data reaches the target personnel to ensure proper access security (Sanchez Lopez Skarmeta, 2013). Since the device is connected to the internet, maintain ownership of data is very difficult. Security: IOT is aimed to digitize the whole physical world into digital and hence this hybridization will need the highest security. Every day we come across hacking news that hamper the business processes and IOT with its vast area of implementation will become a soft target for the hackers (Yousuf et al., 2015). The relevant Technologies The driving factors are better processors or computers, advanced communication models and advanced and accurate sensors (Baccell et al., 2015). These devices are capable of making any system smart and making it available over the internet for controlling and monitoring. IOT will help in the creation of smart environments and will further help in implementing integrated ecosystems that will be capable of interacting with each other without the need of human intervention and will help in making the system more eco-friendly, energy is conscious, optimized thus helping in reduction of carbon footprint and make the present system more versatile. IOT will also increase the trust between the systems through increased security connectivity and will help in enhancement of privacy through better standardization (Whitmore Agarwal Da Xu, 2015). Application of the technologies The increasing popularity of IOT and smart devices the need for security has become paramount. In his paper, Shah et al. (2014) discuss securing the Access Control System.' The paper emphasizes the use wireless technology, which makes the system more clutter free and use of biometrics and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) cards for making the system more secure. Further, the inputs are fed into a computer for keeping a tab on movements and helps in understanding the pattern of the usage (Da-Xu He Li, 2014). The system was made smart to avoid breaking into homes or secured places. The system is capable of raising alarm whenever it recognizes the threat. Similar applications like securing any area, lockers can be implemented with similar infrastructure. Other applications like the integration of smart grid, grid isolation, health monitoring and wearable are the various areas where IOT can be easily implemented, and the data can be monitored to generate useful data (Vermesan Fries s, 2014). As mentioned above integrated systems like IOT in industry, future smart factories, smart objects and applications due to better connectivity and data sharing will be common in future. Vague areas The various vague areas that can be identified from the six papers that had been selected for the paper are many they are, the cost of internet that would be used for communication, the wireless communication band that can be used for communication, the range of Internet or the control range, fault analysis, the rate of data transfer between the server and the remote device, the associated maintenance for remote devices and updates required over time to keep the system secure (Baccelli et al.,2015). Various solutions have been provided to cope up with the different vague areas in the selected papers, but none of them are complete and needs more elaboration for a more secure system. The above mentioned vague areas can be classified into three modules. They can be sought as answers to three questions namely, what is the cost of implementation? How are the systems communicating with each other?. What are the security measures? and how much is the longevity of such system? Summary of the discussions in the forum The IOT got into mainstream technology with the advent of the mobile technology. The smart devices have entered into general lives of people through GPS and advanced sensors. The predicted growth of IOT is unprecedented as the devices that are being used in human life are unending. The primary concerns that were raised in the discussion are: Security: The embedded systems are designed to use the least amount of energy for being energy efficient. Hence these systems are given just the amount of intelligence that is required for functioning and could be termed as headless as the memory used in case of the systems are pretty less, and advanced security measures cant be installed in such a small space. These systems are easy to crack open and are susceptible to hacking, as the authentication protocols remain same over the time. The variety of applications that has been implemented at different places poses different threats, e.g. PLCs that are integrated into to factory system are not capable of differentiating between human and nonhuman interference and is susceptible to cracking. Privacy: The IOT means every device is connected to each other hence every move that a human being makes is monitored through the devices. These devices can talk with each other and make the information available over the internet which can be accessed by anyone with minimal computer knowledge. The selective hacking makes the scenario more grievous as every step can be monitored and the previous steps can be modeled to generated a habitual model of a human being through which the identity of the person can be copied thus creating danger for the individual. The smart TVs have already been blamed for collecting the data about viewing habits thus creating a consumerized version of TV and monetizing on the available data. Interoperability: The name IOT itself implies that the devices should be able to talk to each other. For this function, the interoperability is the prime factor. For interoperability, the devices have to be built around some standards for communication that make the system programmable, communicable and operable across different devices. The devices should be made to communicate and understand each other regardless of their operating systems, manufacturer, version, etc. The Internet is such common platform for data exchange with the help of IPV4 and IPV6 protocol, hence making it ideal for such devices (Shang et al., 2016). Rights: The National Fraud Intelligence Bureau have published that 70% of the crimes that happen in the present scenario involve cyber element which was around 40% about five years ago. With more and more IOT around humans, the rate will be obvious to rise above the present level. Now the miscreants can access central heating or cooling system of a tower through a mobile and the criminals are feeling proud of such attacks. Once into the system the data of the users are not safe and can land into hands of miscreants (Friess, 2013). Hence IOT should be termed as a disruptive technology which seriously reduces the system security and hampers the rights of consumers and users. Development: IOT has become the driving trend in major developing countries and has been predicted to contribute around 40% of the IOT. The connectivity between the economies and the various advantages of real time communication is driving the trend. The IOT is capable of driving any economy to the pinnacle and hence the organizations and the companies are using it in every aspect of their production line thus helping them to produce better, which has increased the revenue of the system with reduced workforce and latency (Holler et al., 2014). Impact of discussion on IOT The IOT which had been termed as a disruptive technology in various contexts should be dealt with carefully, and necessary steps should be taken before jumping into it. Through discussion and the report it can be understood that IOT has almost become a part of life due to the wide usage of mobile technology, but there still exist many more devices that can be digitized and connected to generate more data. The discussion also suggests that the security threats that IOT possess is very real and should not be taken lightly. Not paying proper heed to the various security measures to ensure privacy and security will lead to disasters, which will be very hard to contain. The peer conversation also helps to chalk out the importance of IOT and its impact on the economy. IOT has helped the organizations around the world to cash the advantages of connectivity and will continue to do so but the advances should be in steps as the leaps, in this case, could lead to devastation. Reflection Through this article, I have learned the importance of IOT in modern life. The IOT can be understood as the usage of internet by the devices which are made intelligent with modern computers. IOT has a huge potential to change the life of us, humans, and create the interconnected Atlantis of our dream. But it should always be kept in mind that with great technologies come greater threats to the individuality of a person. Hacking has been associated with the advent of the computer, and its increasing trend shows that the technology is acting as a catalyst to such acts. I have also understood that security should be our primary concern, and the technology should take the backseat at this moment. Conclusion In the above article various factors related to IOT had been discussed and presented for a better understanding of the concepts of IOT systems. The understanding of the topic had been developed with the help of identification of challenges, problems, related technologies and the vague areas in the system. Further valuable data had been generated through publishing the article in a blog and facilitating discussion on the topic. The valuable discussions had been summarized and in the impact of the discussion had been analyzed and finally reflected to understand the tricks of the trade. References Baccelli, E., Hahm, O., Petersen, H., Schleiser, K. (2015). RIOT and the Evolution of IoT Operating Systems and Applications.ERCIM News,2015(101). Da Xu, L., He, W., Li, S. (2014). Internet of things in industries: A survey.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,10(4), 2233-2243. Friess, P. (2013).Internet of things: converging technologies for smart environments and integrated ecosystems. River Publishers. Holler, J., Tsiatsis, V., Mulligan, C., Avesand, S., Karnouskos, S., Boyle, D. (2014).From Machine-to-machine to the Internet of Things: Introduction to a New Age of Intelligence. Academic Press. Hwang, K., Dongarra, J., Fox, G. C. (2013).Distributed and cloud computing: from parallel processing to the internet of things. Morgan Kaufmann. Iiconsortium.org (2016). Industrial Internet Consortium. Retrieved 4 September 2016, from https://www.iiconsortium.org/ Intel (2016). Internet of Things Applications Across Industries. Retrieved 4 September 2016, from https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/internet-of-things/industry-solutions.html Kang, Y. M., Han, M. R., Han, K. S., Kim, J. B. (2015). A Study of Internet of Things (IoT) Applications.International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications,9(9), 117-126. Sanchez, P. M., Lopez, R. M., Skarmeta, A. F. G. (2013). Panatiki: A network access control implementation based on pana for IoT devices.Sensors,13(11), 14888-14917. Shah, C. M., Sangoi, V. B., Visharia, R. M. (2014). Smart security solutions based on the internet of things (IoT).Int J Current Eng Technol,4(5), 3401-3404. Shang, W., Yu, Y., Droms, R., Zhang, L. (2016).Challenges in IoT Networking via TCP/IP Architecture. NDN Project, Tech. Rep. NDN-0038. Usman, M. J., Zhang, X., Chiroma, H., Abubakar, A., Gital, A. Y. U. (2014). A Framework for Realizing Universal Standardization for Internet of Things.Journal of Industrial and Intelligent Information,2(2). Vermesan, O., Friess, P. (Eds.). (2014).Internet of things-from research and innovation to market deployment(pp. 74-75). Aalborg: River Publishers. Weinman, J. (2016). The Internet of Things for developing economies. CIO. Retrieved 4 September 2016, from https://www.cio.com/article/3027989/internet-of-things/the-internet-of-things-for-developing-economies.html Whitmore, A., Agarwal, A., Da Xu, L. (2015). The Internet of ThingsA survey of topics and trends.Information Systems Frontiers,17(2), 261-274. Yousuf, T., Mahmoud, R., Aloul, F., Zualkernan, I. (2015). Internet of Things (IoT) Security: Current Status, Challenges, and Countermeasures.

Saving Nemo-Vanuatu Video Reaction Paper Essay Sample free essay sample

The ‘Saving Nemo- Vanuatu’ is a documental based on the export of crown fish. which became celebrated since the film ‘Finding Nemo’ released. is fished from the Waterss of Vanuatu by a foreign company and exported to other states such as Australia and United States of America. The names of the civilizations represented in the docudrama are traditional civilization that is shown by the people of Vanuatu. on the island of Nuna. â€Å"the charming adult male declares forbidden raising the liquors to protect sea and whoever defies will confront illness or death† . Another civilization that is represented in this documental pecuniary civilization that is exhibited by the SRS. and the politicians of Vanuatu who have sold their marine ecosystem to SRS for small money. the politicians are given payoffs by the SRS to run in Vanuatu. The 3rd civilization that I think is represented in the docudrama is the coral reef civilization. We will write a custom essay sample on Saving Nemo-Vanuatu Video Reaction Paper Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It shown by the marine life scientist who talks about prolonging the coral reef and learning the kids who are non familiar with coral reefs about how to continue it and familiarizes them with it. The point of position that is reflected through the sound path is that of the storytellers. The manner the storyteller presents the state of affairs to the audience is interesting. It creates a feel of what is really go oning in the docudrama and what are the issues faced by the people at that place. His voice makes me connected to the state of affairs. The presence of the camera and movie crew may hold influenced the action of the people presented. because the manner the acted during the cinematography showed that they were non natural. illustration the charming adult male was smiling while enforcing the tabu. Besides the piscaries section had been lying and giving statements such as that statement is false and disagreed with anything brought up by the storyteller who asked the inquiry. he may been scared at that point on giving his ain positions as he might lose his occupation if he disagreed with the authorities. The movie creates both disgust and empathy. It creates empathy because the marine ecosystem of Vanuatu is being destroyed by foreign people and the authorities is non making anything about it but is looking at its pecuniary value. Young kids will non be able to cognize what they had as their resources and in future these resources may no longer be at that place. On the other manus it created disgust for the SRS who did non care about the depletion of the natural resources of Vanuatu but in bend argued that the fish move about so much that it is impossible to number them. It besides created disgust for Chief Momo who agreed to acquire his reef fished for every bit small as 90 dollars per month which is much less than he and his community deserved. The of import subject of this unit is â€Å"the land and sea: yesteryear. nowadays and future† . The movie fits into this subject because it is about our land and sea. about its sustainability. In the movie the storyteller interviews people with different positions on how and what they feel about their resources being exploited by a foreign individual who is believing of his benefits and consuming their fish supply and coral reefs which are largely depended on the colourful fish that are non eaten. which is its primary builder. The marine life scientist is concerned as to how they can salvage these natural resources. he is besides concerned that how the immature kids can cognize about their environment and therefore he opts to demo them the movie. â€Å"Finding Nemo† . which I feel could be associate to their state of affairs at present and could do them familiarise them with their environment. During the screening of this docudrama. I had a assorted feeling. I did non cognize if I should be surprised at what the people of Vanuatu are making with their resources or be angry at them. The most surprising portion in this docudrama is the portion where Chief Momo declares that he is paid some money for allowing the SRS people fish their seas. It was besides surprising that the piscaries section was non certain as to how many fishes were exported by the SRS each twelvemonth and the SRS insider and the piscaries section estimated export was different. It was besides surprising that the authorities took payoff from SRS. After the docudrama ended I felt a spot alleviated knowing that the kids are at least taught about how their coral reef is. and hope for a better hereafter for both the people and the coral reef. The civilization shown in the movie. which is the pecuniary civilization. is similar to my civilization as people here to be given work their traditional land and seas for money. They sell land to the foreign people who make good usage of it and paying the locals small to what they deserve. My personal reaction to the civilizations. subjects and issues represented in the docudrama is that we should protect our natural resources because it is what we largely rely on for our nutrient and income beginning. If people over fish so the coral reefs are besides destroyed. non merely does it consume our resources but can take to many other effects on the Pacific island groups. The three most of import things of substances I learned from the movie are. First. to be knowing about our natural resources. it is what we are and its sustainability depends on us. Second thing is that the hereafter of our natural resources depend in the custodies of our younger coevals. they can either sell it to foreign states or do it more utile to be used by us. Third. that though the hereafter of our natural resources depend on the younger coevals. it besides has to be protected now so tha t it is of better used by the people of the Pacific as largely we depend on our natural resources.

Barriers to corporate entreneurship Essay Example

Barriers to corporate entreneurship Essay Example Barriers to corporate entreneurship Essay Barriers to corporate entreneurship Essay Corporate entrepreneurship(CE) is the process where an individual or a group of individuals, in association with an existing organization, create a new organization or instigate renewal or innovation within that organization (Sahara / Chairman 1999). Corporate entrepreneurship involves a wide range of activities, which include the birth of new activities, renewal or reevaluating of existing operations in the business. Corporate venture capital, which predominantly pursues financial investments in external companies. POOR MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP Leadership styles include democracy, laissez fairer and autocracy. Some management styles can be too strict or inflexible to allow entrepreneurial operations to take place in a business organization. Limited managerial autonomy with high degree of interference may discourage innovation and creativity. Lack of support from top management may also be a barrier to corporate entrepreneurship. According to Cornwall and Perlmans (1990) short-term goal orientation may discourage bigger, longer term, high capital return entrepreneurial initiatives. The COPY management was short sighted when it purchased buses from China. Right now most of these uses are no longer running and yet they are expensive to repair. Solution Management should increase the extent of autonomy and the degree of specialization within the organization. They should choose an appropriate leadership style that gives employees the will and capacity to carry out entrepreneurial activities. After all, the management must include people who are skilled, experienced and have vast knowledge regarding the running of such businesses. Some critics are suggesting that the current board of COPY has overstayed hence there is need to rotate the members in order to have a dynamic vision and dervish. SIZE The size of an organization plays a significant role in its ability to take up CE activities. Small business organizations tend to be good drivers of CE than larger organizations. This is because small firms are more flexible. Jennings (1994) suggested that large organizations generally use inflexible rules and procedures to administer the routine tasks of the organization. Thus large bureaucratic organizations are barriers to CE because they have red tape which slows decision making. The COPY became so large at some time and started to suffer from discomposes of scale. In 1993 it had 1200 buses operating in 426 routes. Thus it became too inflexible to encourage or sustain CE. Management must continuously analyses the business and change its the direction before disaster becomes inevitable. In the case of COPY it should have set sights on regional routes when it became too big to be efficient and sustainable. DISCRIMINATION Unfair treatment of people regarding race, ethnicity, gender and age may be a barrier to CE. Some may even treat people with disabilities differently to people without disabilities. Discrimination based in misguided stereotypes about the abilities of people with disabilities greatly affects the ability of a business to undertake CE. In a business set up experienced employees may look down upon young and fresh from university employees as people who are keen to apply text book staffs which are not applicable in the real world of business. Such kinds of discrimination immensely affect the ability of an organization to carryout CE. In the case of COPY there has been great discrimination towards its retired and elderly workers. Over the years it has failed to pay severance packages to its former workers who have dedicated most of their lives to the company. This may negatively affect the current crop of workers who may fear that the same may happen to them. As a result they end not willing to take part in entrepreneurial activities. The first option that is currently available to COPY is to pay its retrenchment and severance packages to its former workers. Organizations need to come up with policies to fight all kinds of discriminations, be it gender, race or age. SYSTEM BARRIERS Bureaucratic reporting is one main system which limits CE activities. In a large organization, a document may need to be signed by six people. People usually pay ore attention to procedures and form than to the contents and detail on the document. The reward system in an organization may discourage innovation within the employees. This also includes lack of incentives to creativity. Hierarchical levels in an organization may slow down upward flow of information. Sometimes good ideas get stuck somewhere within the hierarchy thus blocking access to CE. The traditions of higher penalties for failed innovations also discourage CE. In order for a significant initiative to take place within COPY it has to be approved by the minister of transport. This may take years before it finally reaches the minister. Hence a tall reporting system may discourage entrepreneurial initiatives among employees. The organization must call for flexible reporting and communication relationships among different divisions and employees. Top down and bottom up communication must be quick to allow efficient decision making. The company must also adapt to flat organizational structures. CULTURE Legged and Handle (1997) suggested that the effective management of corporate entrepreneurship involves managing a culture which includes all staff as self- perceived entrepreneurs, praising failures as well as successes and the allowance of seasoned that frequent communications across departmental lines and among people with dissimilar views facilitate the appropriate organizational context for CE. Cohesive work groups that allow for open conflict resolution procedures also encourage CE. However in other organizations conflict is not tolerated at all and is viewed as bad. The traditional view to conflict that it is raised by trouble makers. Some of the solutions include the education of employees through workshops to enlighten workers on the need to tolerate conflict as a way of finding new ideas from different people because employees may have various perspectives. The company just create a culture of rewarding innovation rather than compliance. It may also invite suggestions from customers through placing suggestion boxes in buses. CORRUPTION Corruption in an organization is like a cancer in a human beings body. It spreads quickly and destroys the organization to its ground. Corruption may become embedded into the organization and quickly become a social norm in an organization. It also discourages innovation by lower level managers because it may expose existing corruption practices. Former COPY chairman Charles Nearer was arrested in 2006 for corruption in relation to bus procurement and faced a Jail entente. Corruption discourages potential entrepreneurs who are unwilling to engage in corrupt behavior from taking part in corporate entrepreneurship. There should be transparency in the running of the business. Sometimes there might be need to carry out a complete overhaul of the organization and expose all corruption activities. If it is possible the whole management may need to be removed in order for the organization to start on a fresh page. In the case of COPY the government must create a commission to crack down corruption in the company in order to restore it as the alpha and omega of the transport sector in Zanzibar. STRATEGIC BARRIERS These are barriers that result from unclear objectives within a company. An organization needs to the SOOT analysis. The SOOT analysis refers to strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the environment in which the business operates. An organization also needs to understand its position in the market or industry and where it aims to be in the future. Lack of clear vision of allowing employees to take part in CE is a great barrier to entrepreneurship. In COPY there is no specific policy to regarding CE. The strategy of an organization must be dynamic and not static. It must quickly spend to changes in the micro and macro environments. It must choose strategies that give it a competitive advantage over others in the business. COPY must take advantage of the agriculture based economy in Zanzibar and operate a haulage trucks that transport inputs and outputs from farmers. POLITICAL The involvement of politics in public sector bodies is a vital constraint to the pursuit of entrepreneurship. Want et al. (1992) suggested that public sector management has to be sensitive to political considerations. Inconsistence in the appointment of management by government is also a barrier to CE. Thus political influences affect innovation and CE. Boring (1998) discovered that public sector managers tend to organize their new programs in a way that does not raise eye brows. This kind of political fear stifles CE. In June 2012, parliament called for the removal of COPY management amid accusations of massive looting of property. At one time a certain high ranking government official was accused of taking fuel from COPY without objection. This kind of political interference and influence discourage CE. Solution There should be less government interventions to small brawls within the organizations. The government must allow some breathing space for managers to make decisions on their own. In other words increased autonomy should be given to management in order to foster innovation. ECONOMIC BARRIERS. Harsh external environment and stiff competition can act as a barrier to CE. These include high inflation rates, high taxation and high import costs. The ever rising fuel prices led to the significant decrease in Soupà §ons profitability to run its operations. As a company in the public sector sometimes it operated at a loss Just to provide a service to the public. High import duties limited the companys ability to refurbish existing buses. COPY cited a depleted fleet, poor revenue inflows and ballooning debt for its problems. Its operating profit margins declined from 26 per cent to 4 per cent as of March 2010. Stiff competition from commuter omnibus also led to decline in profitability of the company. All these economic barriers reduce profit and cash flow hence the organization may fail to fund CE activities. Solution At the moment about 34 per cent of Soupà §ons total expenditure are wage expenses. So the company may lay-off some workers in the name of trying to fight survival. This action can be seen as unethical but there is need to understand that survival of the entire company is at stack. Another option is to slowly come back into business by charging very low fares to fight competition from private transport companies and commuter omnibuses. They may also try to operate in routes where there is less competition. All these options can be used to increase the profitability of the firm in order to sustain CE. LACK OF CAPITAL Lack of capital is one of the main barrier of entrepreneurship among members of the society. According to a study carried out by F Maps four out of ten business man died lack of capital as a barrier to entrepreneurship. Sometimes there is need for capital to fund CE, especially when referring to corporate venturing. COPY has about $ 6. 4 million dollars in debts. Hence it cannot sustain any form of CE at the moment. And operating expenses. Other financial resources may be needed in order to buy buses so as to revivalist the business. CONCLUSION The writer understands that there are so many barriers to CE. Some other barriers which affect other organizations include unwillingness to take risks, centralization of decision making and lack of entrepreneurial skills. Reference Cornwall, JAR B Perlmans 1990 Organizational Entrepreneurship, Irwin, Homeroom, Ill. Jennings, UDF 1994 Multiple Perspectives of Entrepreneurship, South Western Publishing, Ohio. Angle, HAL AH Van De Even 1989 Suggestions for Managing the Innovation Journey Nina Van De Even et. Al. Des. Research on the Management of Innovation, Harper Rowe, New York. Legged, JAM K Handle 1997 Entrepreneurship: How Innovators Create the Future, Education Australia, Melbourne. Want, J, C Overachieving P Weller 1992 Publications Management in Australia, Macmillan, Melbourne.

Practice Reading French With This Easy Shopping Story

Practice Reading French With This Easy Shopping Story French adjectives are difficult to master for English speakers because their rules of agreement and placement, not to forget their pronunciation, are truly challenging. An English speaker needs to change the way he/she thinks, and develop the reflex to do the noun-adjective  agreement, which is not an easy task.   Knowing the rules is not enough. Training is essential. So today, here is a little learn French in context story in which well be using adjectives of course, in particular French adjectives of colors and French adjectives used to describe clothing, as well as  French clothing vocabulary. Of course, before you study this story, I highly recommend you take the time to visit the links above to refresh your memory, and then read the story without the translation and focus on the adjective agreements. Aujourdhui, nous allons suivre Camille dans les magasins. Camille a besoin dune robe pour aller un mariage dans trois semaines. Cest un mariage à ©là ©gant, et donc elle cherche une robe habillà ©e, mais assez confortable car elle a bien lintention de danser ! Et bien sà »r, la robe ne doit pas à ªtre trop chà ¨re, car Camille na pas un grand budget. Camille entre dans une boutique et trouve une jolie jupe, longue, fluide et là ©gà ¨re. Mais si elle achà ¨te une jupe, elle devra acheter un haut, et aussi une veste pour là ©glise. Cest trop compliquà ©. Non, dà ©cidà ©ment, Camille cherche une robe, un point cest tout. Il y a une robe bleue qui est pas mal, assez chic, et bien coupà ©e. Mais cest du lin, et Camille ne repasse pas. Cette robe va se froisser, et puis le lin, à §a montre aussi les traces de transpiration. Non, ce nest vraiment pas pratique. Dommage, elle à ©tait jolie et bon-marchà ©. Dans une autre boutique, Camille repà ¨re une petite robe courte, sans manche, et avec un joli motif imprimà ©. Et elle nest vraiment pas chà ¨re ! Elle est soldà ©e, cest vraiment une bonne affaire. Elle lessaie. Ah la la, cest la catastrophe. Cette robe ne lui va pas du tout. Elle est trop courte : ce nest pas de la bonne qualità © et la coupe ne lui va pas du tout. Camille trouve quelle la grossit. Tant pis. La vendeuse suggà ¨re une autre robe, complà ¨tement diffà ©rente. Elle est trà ¨s longue, gris bleu, assez moulante avec un grand dà ©colletà © dans le dos, et des petites bretelles. Camille lessaie. Aà ¯e, à §a bloque au niveau des cuisses... là ©ternel problà ¨me... Camille demande une taille plus grande. Elle arrive mettre la robe, mais cest un dà ©sastre. La robe est trop serrà ©e sur les fesses, trop petite sur la poitrine, et en plus elle est beaucoup trop longue. Camille se trouve grosse, moche et vulgaire... pas du tout le look recherchà ©. Cette journà ©e shopping ne se passe pas vraiment comme prà ©vu. Zut alors. Dans une vitrine, Camille voit une petite robe noire pois blancs. Elle est classique, mais a une jolie forme cache-coeur, et est ample au niveau des jambes. Elle a des manches courtes, et le tissus a lair fluide et confortable. Camille entre dans la boutique, demande sa taille, et essaie la robe. Ah, voil qui est mieux. Camille se sent trà ¨s bien : la robe est douce, et tombe bien sur elle. Elle nest ni trop longue, ni trop courte, et elle lamincit. Et en plus, Camille a des chaussures noires qui iront parfaitement avec.   La vendeuse lui montre une veste assortie. Lensemble est parfait, assez sobre mais chic. Cest un peu plus cher que ce que Camille voulait dà ©penser, mais à §a reste   raisonnable, et en plus cette petite robe sera facile remettre. En fait, cest parfait! Mission accomplie!

Critiquing Prior Decisions Made unit 2 Research Paper

Critiquing Prior Decisions Made unit 2 - Research Paper Example This plan has been successful considering that they are one of today’s most successful companies in the tech industry (â€Å"Apple Inc.,† 2011). Organizing. â€Å"Organizing is identifying jobs to be done, hiring people to do them, establishing departments, delegating or pushing authority down to subordinates, establishing a chain of command...and coordinating the work of subordinates† (Dessler & Phillips, 2008, p. 5). The overall management team of Apple was able to create an unparalleled talent base, which can help the company by having a sustainable future despite the absence of its former CEO Steve Jobs (Lam, 2011). Apple’s success in terms of its unique product design and functionality is evidence that the management team was able to hire the right people and use the right resources. Leading. Leading the company’s people and resources can be attained by creating a culture that is acceptable to all and a constant communication pattern (Dessler & Phillips, 2008, p. 5). Apple’s corporate culture is one of its competitive advantages because it incorporated the company’s success factors such as creativity, leadership, and innovation. This culture remained undefeated for a long time, and the company was known as a perfectionist in product design and reliability (Kurtzman, 2010, p. 116). This culture made them unique from their competitors, and they believed that they are the best tech firm in the industry and nothing can beat them. Also, Apple offered several incentives including the â€Å"recognition bonus of 3 to 5 percent of their base salary...[and the giving of] free iPod Shuffle or iPhone...† to motivate their employees (Muller, 2010, p. 4). Controlling. This function is necessary to determine whether the employees have reached the desired goals or necessary changes (Daniels, 1994). The performance of Apple employees is strictly monitored

The use of the x ray machine in the medical field. And how it was Research Paper

The use of the x ray machine in the medical field. And how it was invented and how far it has come (technology wise) and also it - Research Paper Example The discovery was actually accidental. The scientist found that invisible rays were emitted from a cathode ray tube and that these could penetrate wood and also paper. These rays were able to create a glow on a screen that was several years yards away. The glow was fluorescent. The screen that was observed was barium platinocyanide screen (Assmus, 10). The tube generating X-rays, the cathode rays was Crookes tube (Assmus, 10). The scientist made use of these properties to study the structure of bone of human hand. Several years after discovery of these rays, actual X-ray machines were invented. In 1900, it was discovered that radium rays are actually dangerous to skin. Radiology began to emerge as one of the medical specialities in 1900. Skill, the technical know-how and interpretation of image improved significantly (Linton, 27) X-rays are basically electromagnetic waves and their behavior is similar to light rays (Dendy, 48). However, their wavelengths are short. One useful propert y of the X-rays is, when the rays are directed towards a target that is of low density, they pass through the target uninterrupted. In case the target is of high density, like that of parts of human beings, the X-rays either get absorbed or are reflected. This occurs because of very less space between adjacent atoms in high density targets, which do not allow short waves to pass through. When the X-rays pass through completely through the target like in case of flesh, dark areas are seen on the screen. When they are blocked by high density targets like bones, they appear as light areas (Assmus, 14). It was Roentgen who discovered that X-rays basically originate from the tube at a point where the cathode rays strike the glass and then disseminate (Assmus, 14). He found that the origin point of X-rays moves as the rays coming from cathode are moved by a magnetic field. The X-rays however, are insensitive to magnet. Based on these findings, Roentgen concluded that X-rays are distinct f rom the rays emerging from the cathode, the cathode rays (Assmus, 14). "Roentgen justified calling the new phenomena rays because of the shadowy pictures they produce: bones in a hand, a wire wrapped around a bobbin, weights in a box, a compass card and needle hidden away in a metal case, the inhomogeneity of a metal" (Assmus, 14). Two years after Roentgen's discovery, which was basically radiation secondary to artificial ionization, a French scientist by name Henri Becquerel, discovered natural ionizing radiation from certain types of rocks. The radiation rays were similar to X-rays by Roentgen. The rocks were later refined by his colleagues Marie Curie and Pierre Curie to deliver radioactive substances radium, uranium and polonium. Radium is now being used to treat cancers (Linton, 26). Roentgen won Nobel Prize for his discovery in 1901. That was the first Nobel proze in Physics ever (Linton, 28). William Coolidge from General Electric Laboratories developed cathode X-ray tube tha t was an improved version and was hot. The X-ray machine was shielded suitably to prevent scattering of radiation that harmed the technicians. Thus, X-rays emerged from the tubes, known as Coolidge's tubes, through a lead shielded aperture. This method of exposure to X-rays allowed patients to be placed within a beam of X-rays and at the same time allowed others to be kept away from the beam. A further advancement in this method of X-ray exposure

Food security Essay Example for Free

Food security Essay All efforts to bridge the gap between government estimates and the Sonia Gandhi-led National Advisory Council over the Food Security Act are coming up against a central concern posed by the Congress chief: How can the selection criteria ensure the poor and deserving dont get left out? NAC members who interact with the government point out that Sonia repeatedly underlines her personal experience over the years during visits to deprived areas where she has found that the poor are simply not counted in any state survey and are denied any benefits. The Congress chiefs poser that the inability of the poor, particularly tribals and dalits, to access below poverty line cards needed to tap official welfare schemes will defeat the very objective of a law providing 35 kg food grain a month to the widest set of recipients is proving tough to answer. Here, even automatic inclusion parameters may not mean the severely disadvantaged groups will be assured a minimum level of food security, said sources familiar with the Congress supremos thinking. Sonia is keen the proposed law be effective in addressing needs of those who live on the brink and need state support and her conviction that exclusion criteria are applied in a bureaucratic manner and end up leaving the needy out in the cold tilts the scale towards universal eligibility which the government continues to baulk at. Several permutations have been considered including limiting universal public distribution system to districts with chronic poverty or looking for the right urban-rural ratios. But while some campaigners argue that governments fears of having to maintain large stocks are misplaced as universal PDS will be accessed only by those who need it, the government is not quite convinced. The government feels that legal provisions stating population percentages to be catered for will mean it has to provide for adequate food grain for all intended beneficiaries. A law is mandatory and the optimum values have to be factored in. The tussle over selection of beneficiaries has seen populist politics pushing for dilution of criteria like pucca houses or income levels. But the Congress presidents core concern that expanding the net still does not necessarily mean that obvious beneficiaries are being catered for being tossed up and down the table in both formal and informal consultations. Food security act pledge in Prezs address A national food security act to guarantee 25 kg of rice or wheat a month to BPL families, consolidation of rural employment and Bharat Nirman, a focus on terrorism and Indias neighbourhood, initiatives for urban employment and a promise to battle recessionary trends are likely to be part of Presidents address to Parliament. The first meeting of the Union Cabinet after the conclusion of government-formation, scheduled for Saturday morning, may consider President Pratibha Patils speech to the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament. The speech, to be delivered on June 4, has been extensively worked on by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. The Presidents address is expected to highlight areas outlined by the PM like infrastructure and security. High on the governments agenda are plans for a National Counter Terrorism Centre, modernisation of police forces through training and technology and diversified recruitment. It will also speak of pushing programmes like highways that have languished. Some legislations like the Unorganised workers social security bill and Right to Education Bill, National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill, expansion of the Rashtriya Swathya Bima Yojana and the National Child Labour Project, integrated development of minority concentration districts and approval of a National Tribal Policy are initiatives the government would like to speeden up. With economy and job losses very much a concern, the address will look to stress development of social and physical infrastructure along with specific plans like an urban employment safety net. The government will work on a comprehensive overhaul of public healthcare, restructuring Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), strengthening implementation of 11th and 12th plan power projects and attention on employment-generating small sector enterprises. The government is planning major efforts to decrease infant and mother mortality rates, bring about accountability in Primary Health Centres, initiate a household survey of the National Rural Healthcare Mission, besides approving rigorous oversight in ensuring dispensation of medicines before expiry dates. In the education sector, the main focus is likely to be on quality education by restructuring SSA, seen as a success story, and on guaranteeing education for all. The government is expected to  restructure SSA into a Mission for Quality Elementary Education to deal effectively with teacher absenteeism and drop out rates. The government has set up a target of adding 78,577 Mw of power generation capacity in the current 11th five year plan which has been raised to 1 lakh MW during the 12th five year plan. A major thrust on the micro small and medium enterprises (MSME) sector hit badly by the global economic slowdown to protect workers and artisans can be expected. Government may insist on use of handlooms and handicrafts in decor for government offices as well as for venues for the forthcoming At the start of UPAs first term in office, the Presidents address had reflected the commitments made in the common minimum programme and this time around, Congresss manifesto is expected to be foundation of the speech. A nation-wide skill development programme and scholarship schemes for needy students and those from the minority communities are on the governments check list. The electoral success in attracting minority votes could see the President refer to Congresss poll promise of taking its minority reservation models in states like Andhra Pradesh, to the national level. The government feels that it has been the recipient of a rural feel-good with the agrarian economy benefitting from higher MPS, NREGA and the loan waiver. With an eye to consolidating its image as pro-farmer, the government is expected to work towards providing interest relief to all farmers who repay bank loans on schedule. The loan waiver has reached 3.68 crore families. In the power sector, operationalisation of the National Electricity Fund, infrastructure implementation in the north-east, faster implementation of flagship programmes and monitoring through third parties and capacity building are on the table. Sanghatana says Food Security Act will ruin farmers The Shetkari Sanghatana has come out strongly against the proposed Food Security Act of the UPA government terming it as anti-farmer and a measure that would fuel inflation, derail countrys economy and produce an army of lazy people who get food almost for free without need to work. The proposed law is aimed at only garnering votes in 2014 elections by the ruling parties at the Centre. Providing subsidized food to 67% of countrys population or 81 crore people would cost the country Rs1,25,000 crore. It would have far-reaching implications on productivity and economy of the country and destroy dignity of labour, said Ram Neole, spokesman of the Sanghatana. Providing cheap foodgrains to the disabled, needy people can be seen as a noble gesture of a caring government in a welfare state. But the Food Security ordinance brought in a haste without waiting for a parliamentary clearance to cover an overwhelming majority of population is a cheap political gimmick, said Neole. His Shetkari Sanghatana led by Sharad Joshi favoured free market economy with farmers getting adequate rates for their produce. The Food Act would mean that farmers producing paddy, wheat and coarse grains like jowar would never get the right price as the government that controls pricing and procurement would never allow a hike so as to contain the cost of the scheme, explained Neole. Under the new law those demanding the foodgrains would be given rice for Rs3, wheat for Rs2 and jowar for Rs1 a kg. Of course, when faced with huge budgetary deficit that is bound to happen, the government would increase taxes on traders and salaried classes and businessmen and professionals burdening them further, Neole apprehended. All this will lead to loss of income for farmers, more taxes and non-availability of labour force for productive work at farms and factories, he feared. Contradicting this viewpoint, Vidarbha Jan Andolan Samiti president Kishore Tiwari has jumped in support of the law. In a statement here, he said: Only those ignorant of hunger and deprivation that kills lakhs of people in villages every year would oppose the law. Such political parties and people would be taught a lesson in 2014 elections for opposing a pro-poor policy, said Tiwari. The poor have a right to food and the proposed law is the first step to acknowledge it, he added. Food subsidy bill may touch Rs 75K cr on back of Food Security Act The proposed Food Security Act may not put additional burden on the government in the current fiscal year as the government can find the resources to fund the plan from the spending outlined for 2011-12, finance ministry officials said. However, the food subsidy bill could soar to as much as Rs 75,000 crore from the estimated Rs 60,572.98 crore for the 2011-12 fiscal year. Finance ministry officials said the government will provide the money for funding this exercise. The ministry has already asked various departments to  tighten their belts and not to undertake any new spending commitments as it sticks to its plan of meeting the fiscal deficit target of 4.6% of gross domestic product. The government is keen to stick to its deficit target as it has embarked on a drive to mend public finances. Earlier, the government had said it was ready to provide for any additional fuel subsidy as result of the spike in global crude oil prices and is confident of finding the resources from within the budget for the 2011-12 financial year. The government has an ambitious share sale programme in state run companies and plans to raise Rs 40,000 crore. Despite volatile stock market and global economic conditions, finance ministry officials are confident of achieving the target. It is also banking on other non-tax revenues to help it keep within it spending limits despite pressure points on the subsidy front. Sources said the ministry of food and consumer affairs was staring at a requirement of over 70 million tonnes of foodgrain to support the food security act. Given the trends in procurement and the need to maintain buffer stocks, it could pose a problem for the government and force it to import from the international market. Any plans to impose large quantities of grains could push up prices in the global market and widen the governments subsidy burden. Some analysts say the food subsidy could touch Rs 1 lakh crore in two years. It remains to be seen how the government balances the demand for the food security act against the backdrop of a tight fiscal situation. Analysts say importing costly food to run the Food Security Act could blow a hole in public finances and reverse the trend in fiscal consolidation. Congress hopes to get food bill passed Conscious that the window to secure passage of the food security bill is narrowing as the scheduled end of the monsoon session of parliament nears, the Congress on Sunday expressed the hope that the landmark measure will get approved during the coming week. We hope the food bill will be passed in parliament on Monday or Tuesday, Congress spokesperson PC Chacko told IANS. The ongoing monsoon session of parliament is scheduled to end on August 30. Though the lower house functioned on Saturday, in lieu of a holiday last week, the food bill was not listed as opposition parties wanted it to be  debated on Monday. The food bill will be taken up on Monday, Parliamentary Affairs Minister Kamal Nath had told reporters on Friday. If it gets passed in the lower house on Monday, the bill can be taken up in the Rajya Sabha on Tuesday. Politics scuttled Congress managers plans to get it passed for the entire week Aug 19-24 as the opposition did not let the house run over the issues of missing coal-block allocation files, statehood for Telangana and high prices of food items. The managers hope that Prime Minister Manmohan Singhs statement in the Rajya Sabha on Monday would end the controversy over missing coal-block files. The speakers suspension on Friday of 12 anti-Telangana members, who had been disrupting the lower house, has sought to address the issue of endorsement for a new state. The Lok Sabha functioned Saturday for the first time since the session began Aug 5 and passed three bills Governors (Emoluments, Allowances and Privileges) Amendment Bill, 2012, The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order (Amendment) Bill, 2012 and Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012.

Bioethanol: Not a Viable Alternative :: Ethanol is Not the Solution

The world has begun to realize the importance of finding sustainable, renewable forms of energy. One of the most highly prioritized forms of energy is liquid, so that we can begin to manage our dependency on fossil energy. In the midst of this search, ethanol, a fuel additive which can be utilized in a variety of vehicles has become a popular alternative to fossil fuel. Many view Ethanol as the fuel of the future. Bioethanol, which is currently the most prominent type of ethanol, is made from the fermentation process of crops such as sugar or corn. This can be done in two ways, through dry or wet milling, the main difference between the two being that in dry milling the grains are mashed together, while in wet milling they are soaked in water for 24-48 hours before the process begins. Both of these processes generate C02 emissions; however the C02 is generally captured and used for other things(1). Many nations, with the United States and Brazil leading in production, have begun to use Ethanol fuel as a renewable liquid energy source. Over the past six years ethanol production in the United States has nearly quadrupled, and the government is spending over three billion dollars in subsidies for the industry(1). However many people believe that the numerous drawbacks of actually producing and utilizing Ethanol outweigh these benefits, and that we should divert our attention and funding towards more viable renewable resources. The benefits of ethanol fuel seem to be fairly straightforward. The most popular reason cited for using bioethanol is that because it contains a high level of oxygen it is more clean burning than straight gasoline. According to some estimates "ethanol use in the U.S. reduced CO2-equivalent greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 7 million tons", and is expected to reduce emissions by 1.7 billion tons by the year 2050(2). Such a dramatic reduction of ozone forming materials helps to improve air quality in cities where the fuel is used. Ethanol also does not contain many of the toxins that fossil based gasoline does, making it more biodegradable and safer in the instance of a spill(3). Additionally corn-based fuels are renewable, we have the capabilities to grow large amounts of corn, whereas we cannot produce anymore fossil energy and are limited by the supplies that we already have. The idea that ethanol is a clean burning, renewable resource sounds lovely in theory, however in practice Ethanol isn't particularly sustainable.

Persuasive Speech on Thift Retail

Everybody knows millions of years ago before the manifestation of the global society, man and woman ran around buck naked and fancy-free. However, Nowadays running around naked is somewhat frowned upon society. On a show of hands how many of you are all about living green? On a show of hands how many of you like to save money while giving profit/donations towards a good cause?Good Afternoon class, My name is Pearl Bentum and I shall be discussing with you the mission of different types of thrift retails, How to donate items, and last but not least items you could find at these stores. Let’s begin with the missions of different types of thrift retail. Salvation Army is one of the most popular amongst them all. Due to the fact that it’s the only religious one. Their mission is to use donations to Care for the poor, Feed the hungry, Shelter the homeless, Cloth the naked, Love the unlovable, and Befriend the friendless.Another type of thrift retail is the Good Will. Their m ission is to provide vocational education for people with disabilities, training programs, services based on the needs of the community, and the financial resources of the organization. Let’s move on to how to donate items. There are three steps to take in order to donate your items. Number one, you have to determine whether or not your item/items are useful. Most charities can only make use of items that are new, unused, or nearly new.If you don't have any use for your old, tattered couch, rusty washing machine, or other used item, chances are neither will a charity. Similarly, a timeshare that has turned out to be a bad investment for you won't do much to help out a worthy charity. Number two, Consider selling your items and donating the proceeds to charity. By donating cash instead of goods you allow charities greater flexibility in spending the money so that it reaches the people or animals that need it the most.When you sell the items yourself you also eliminate the for- profit middleman that can take a big cut of the money intended for charity. When you sell the items yourself you also unburden charities of any time and money they would have to spend on selling or refurbishing the items, allowing them to spend more resources directly fulfilling their missions. Finally, by selling the items yourself, you know the exact value of the donation you can report to the IRS and don't have to worry about estimating the amount for your tax returns.Number three, Start locally to find the right charity. In order to avoid transportation costs that can lower the impact of your donation, look first in your local community to find a charity to support with your noncash contribution. Call around and ask charities if they accept the kind of items you are looking to donate, and if they don't find out if they have any suggestions of a charity that does. Lastly, I would like to share with you what you can find at these thrift retails. You can items such as clothes and s hoes.For example this whole outfit I have on today I purchased at the thrift store. You can find items such as couches and decorative pillows such as this one I purchased about a year ago. There is also a wide variety of electronics that you could find. In brief, getting involved in the thrift retail business, weither its thru purchasing items or donating items it goes to a good cause and also helps you to save money and go green. Just know that every little thing counts. And hopefully you will go out and donate or even shop at the thrift stores. Thank you

Final Analysis Paper on General Motors

OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) 1 Outsource Insource Final Paper Patricia J Helligar Capella University ISTM 5010 Dr Mike 03/15/2013 OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) Table of Contents 2 Part 1 – General Motors – The firm I will analyze for my final project and the major topic that will be addressed †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Part 2 – Identify the specific business unit and servic e component in final project analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Business Analysis Secti on of General Motors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Abstract †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Explain strategic rationale for outsourcing †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Evaluate IT leader role in service component outsourcing and subsequent insourcing9 Analyze the ways in which IT leaders can increase communication effectiveness between senior executives †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 Evaluate change management response of business and technology leaders within organization †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) 3 Part 1 – General Motors – The firm I will analyze for my final project and the major topic that will be addressedAbstract Saving money and maximizing the moment is so important to CEOs as well as CIOs of all companies. The question is to have enough resources in house to handle the demand of our product. In making these types of decisions, most companies often don’t take the risk to do it in house but outsource their wor k. The decisions among the stakeholders in the company attribute their outsourcing to lack of manpower, level of demand of their product and not enough finances to pay a full-time staff.In this project topic that I have selected which is General Motors (GM), I will analyze why 90% of their IT department (data centers, writing applications) that was outsourced is now being insourced again. Introduction General Motors did outsource its IT service for a period of time and recently have in source again. This is what it is all about correct? Evaluating, transforming and implementing new ways of doing things to benefit your customers and of course to be a success in business. In this aper we will identify the business topic of choice for my class project and outline the business and major topic to be addressed in the final project. With my final project topic selection, I will be discussing General Motors transition from outsourcing its IT component â€Å"The Data Center† to now a recent decision to insource their data center. General Motors today only do 10% of its company’s IT work. It relied all this time on contractors to conduct its IT business; however, there has been a gradual shift from outsourcing most of its information technology services to conducting the work itself.This shifting to insourcing the work back is about the thousands of new GM jobs throughout the world that will be ready for the job market. GM has done the necessary evaluations and realizes that these contracts have no idea of the car industry business and no experience on how cars are designed, made and then sold. Therefore, the data centers will be handled by GM employees around the USA and the world. Now the data center is in house now or OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) insourced, this will greatly improve GM’s ability to design the kind of software and data systems it needs to make popular vehicles. General Motors (GM) outsour ced 90% of their IT department but recently made changes to insourced their IT department to GM employees. This move was not about saving money at all but the increase in jobs for potential new and existing employees at GM. References Schepp, David, (2013). GM vows to insource most of its IT Jobs. Document retrieved from http://www. minyanville. om/sectors/technology/articles/outsourcing-in-the-us-GMgeneral/7/10/2012/id/42298 Part 2 – Identify the specific business unit and service component in final project analysis The business unit and service component that will be used in final project analysis is GM’s IT department business unit and the redesigned of the service component of the data center/writing applications being insourced to GM again. The strategic rationale for outsourcing originally by GM is the volume of work to be done and the lack of expertise at the company at that time dealing with IT.In this final project analysis, I will be discussing IT leader role in service component outsourcing and subsequent insourcing, analyze the ways in which IT leaders can increase communication effectiveness between senior executives and evaluate change management response of business and technology leaders within the organization. According to the CIO of GM, â€Å"The rationale behind bringing 90% of IT work back in house (insourced) is to get the resources, tools and flexibility we need to provide better services and products to our global GM customers† (Flinders, 2012).OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) 5 Create a timeline that documents General Motors (GM) outsource and insource cycle Task GM Research and Planning before Outsourcing GM Documentation on outsourcing 90% of the IT Data Center Dept GM Decision to Insource their IT/Data Center Dept GM Documentation of Insourcing their IT/Data Center Dept GM IT/Data Center Dept finally insourced its IT Dept/Data Center Beginning Date 01/1976 Ending Date 01/19 80 02/1980 05/2008 03/2008 12/2008 05/2008 01/2009 01/2009 12/2009Conclusion General Motors has gone through some major changes in its history as one of the top car making companies. From being number one to hitting rock button, to needing federal aid to stay afloat, to declaring bankruptcy and the replacing of the CEO of GM, GM has made its greatest rebound since its collapse in 2008. One of the major changes due to this new CEO, was to bring 90% of its IT industry (applications, data centers) back to GM or insource the work now. Who will know the car industry better and what to do but our staff says the CIO of GM.OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) 6 References The New York Times. (2013). General Motors. Document retrieved from http://topics. nytimes. com/top/news/business/companies/general_motors_corporation/index. html Flinders, Karl. (2012). General Motors recruits 3, 00 HP IT workers. Document retrieved from http://www. computerweekly. com/n ews/2240167895/General-Motors-recruits-3000-HP-IT-workers Dev, Sherin. Top characteristics of commodity type businesses – The Killer Sharks. Document retrieved from http://www. nvestinternals. com/2011/03/commodity-type-business. html Business Analysis Section of General Motors Abstract General Motors for the most of the 20th century was the biggest car industry company in the world. It was the largest car maker from 1931 to 2008 when Toyota defeated General Motors (GM) and became the largest car maker. The sad news is in the Fall of 2008, GM had two serious cutbacks that allowed them to go to Federal government for the aid but in March of 2009 President Obama ordered the CEO Rick Wagoner to release GM so in July 2009.GM was sold and its good assets to a new government-owned company. Brands such as Chevrolet, Cadillac and GMC were folded into the new company called General Motors Company (GMC). Introduction General Motors did outsource its IT service for a period of time and recently have in source again. Insourcing work for a lot of companies is a wave that is growing in popularity day by day. The pattern of insourcing is on the rise due to less taxation, savings on materials/resources used, transportation cost decreased and much much more. Insourcing is quite an expensive venture when compare to outsourcing.Insourcing requires a company to use its resources to train others on its system, products/services and the process flow of the company. But a company can save in other ways because OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) of insourcing such as decrease in transportation, labor costs and materials while the opposite is true for outsourcing (Lotich). In this paper, we will explain strategic rationale for outsourcing, evaluate IT leader role in service component outsourcing and subsequent insourcing, analyze the ways in which IT leaders can increase communication effectiveness between senior executives and evaluate chan ge management response of business and technology leaders within organization. Explain strategic rationale for outsourcing Outsourcing for all companies always is the last resort for real. The reason behind it is one is taking confidential and innovative information setup by this company and trusting someone from the outside to run an area of the business. It truly takes a team of people to decide based on a number of factors to outsource certain departments.Outsourcing is basically releasing a job and the resources needed to an outside firm or vendor to complete a task or tasks with an expected end needed by that department. Companies that use outsourcing do not use their own resources for manufacturing products or providing services. There is a myth concerning outsourcing that small companies with limited budgets often outsource jobs and there is some truth to that. But also, large companies who might have experienced loss or close to bankruptcy might make the decision to outsourc e most of its work to vendors and companies overseas.It is true that small businesses have limited resources but larger companies can have limited resources as well due to profit loss or projects that failed over a period of time. Therefore, companies in these cases will consider a strategic outsourcing effort which may involve contracting with a provider to manage an IT department or the call center that handle the calls of their customers who want to purchase their products or services. Larger businesses can also make use of strategic outsourcing as a means of utilizing their resources to better advantage such as General Motors (GM).For example, a business may choose not to maintain an in-house sales force, but contract out the sales effort to others who generate sales on behalf of the company. With this model, the business does not have to be concerned with the expense of salaries and benefit packages for salespeople. Instead, the OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) business only has to provide the agreed-upon commissions for sales generated by the business partner, and any monthly fee charged as part of the contractual agreement between the two entities.At General Motors they outsourced 90% of their IT department/data center due to lack of expertise and existing employees with skill sets dealing with IT. One of the reasons for General Motors to outsource its IT department/call center is to gain a competitive advantage globally and in the United States by lowering production costs and fixed costs. By outsourcing GM can restructure their costs. Also, when GM 8 outsource, now they can change some of their fixed costs to variable costs.But most importantly, GM by outsourcing overseas will get a brand new start and a new perspective on life in the car business. The core idea behind strategic outsourcing is to benefit in some manner from allowing outside entities to take over the operation and management of a given function. A t General Motors (GM), they have experienced success in outsourcing to Brazil, China and other international markets. United States have been giving companies such as General Motors (GM) tax breaks for creating jobs in countries overseas (Kelly, Linehan, Hurley, et al, 2009).Outsourcing benefits can take many different forms and the rationale behind outsourcing usually involves savings in fixed and variable costs such as salary and benefits to employees which drove companies such as General Motors (GM) who were experiencing difficulties in staying afloat. Often, the idea behind outsourcing is to increase the bottom line of a company by reducing various operating expenses with companies such as General Motors (GM).At other times, the benefit has to do with the timing of needing professionals who have expertise in areas that the company does not possess at all so outsourcing is necessary. The benefit of outsourcing may be a matter of convenience, allowing companies such as General Mot ors (GM) who outsourced their IT Department at a 90% from 1980 until 2009. Outsourcing allowed them not to have to worry about the call center/IT department but focus more on innovation in designing/building cars in which they were expert in.Initially the benefits of outsourcing at General Motors (GM) allowed them to compete in today’s market. General Motors knew that they are known in history for designing and building cars and for years they were leaders in the car industry. As technology changes and information was shared and stored in different ways, it became. They survived from 1980 until 2009 doing this so then their strategic rationale outsourcing was a success (Schepp, 2013). OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) 9Evaluate IT leader role in service component outsourcing and subsequent insourcing IT leader role in service component outsourcing and subsequent insourcing is to make the best decision for the company as far as savings, in crease in profit and long-term productivity for the company. Outsourcing and insourcing both have their advantages depending on the mission of the corporation and the expertise of that company when dealing with certain skill sets needed to run a successful company. At General Motors (GM) 90% of their IT department (data centers, writing applications) that was outsourced is now being insourced again.General Motors from 1980 until 2009 only did 10% of its company’s IT work. It relied all this time on contractors to conduct its IT business; however, there has been a gradual shift from outsourcing most of its information technology services to conducting the work itself. This shifting to insourcing the work back is about the thousands of new GM jobs throughout the world that will be ready for the job market. GM has done the necessary evaluations and realizes that these contracts have no idea of the car industry business and no experience on how cars are designed, made and then so ld.Therefore, the data centers will be handled by GM employees around the USA and the world. Now the data center is in house now or insourced, this will greatly improve GM’s ability to design the kind of software and data systems it needs to make popular vehicles. Analyze the ways in which IT leaders can increase communication effectiveness between senior executives The ways in which IT leaders can increase communication effectiveness between senior executives are conducting daily staff meetings, conferences (video, telephone, and in-person), parties and other social events.Changing the atmosphere for meetings and doing more interactive things where people can dialog or express how they feel on topics and value their opinion can increase communication between senior executives. Two key communication goals that should be focused on when dealing with senior executives are to prevent misunderstandings, which might impair productivity or quality, and to OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL B USINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) convey decisions and directives of top management. With communication effectiveness, the important 10 egment is of course feedback where IT leaders with senior executives can enhance problem solving and stimulate idea sharing. Innovation in how information is presented to senior executives will allow more commitment and interest with senior executives especially if the IT leaders allow them to be a part of the decision making process. Communication is vital for exchanging information in and among subsystems through multidirectional channels which are used in internal communications. Feedback processes help systems adjust, change and maintain control.Collective decision-making processes and shared responsibilities for communication are more prevalent which will allow for more effectiveness in communication among senior executives. Getting employees involved in their work is a major concern facing organizations such as General Motors (GM). How do they get the full potential and energy from their employees? With so much information today and employees having to deal with the situation, it can become overwhelming, confusing and they will disconnect if some type of order among high-level management and senior executives are not established with IT leaders.IT Leaders can help by aligning words with actions, building relationships and conversing with senior executives rather than communicating at them, and helping guide authentic executive actions which reflect organizational purpose. New technologies can help IT leaders to engage senior executives by personalizing executive communications concerning getting feedback from them and reinforcing faceto-face initiatives where they can be team lead on. Another way IT leaders can increase communication effectiveness is by using social media in reaching and engaging senior executives.Since a workplace is similar to a family environment at home, IT leaders can allow a very relaxi ng atmosphere to communication where there is no pressure by hosting company picnics, movie night and other social events to allow them to flow better and get the job done. The benefits of an engaged workforce are clear. It is proven that organizations with engaged and committed employees were 50 percent more productive than those where employees weren’t engaged (Belcourt, 2009). Employee retention rates also were 44 percent higher. Also, a Watson Wyatt study OUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) 1 found that companies with more engaged employees increase profits for companies. Engaged employees contribute discretionary efforts. IT Leaders might agree that measurement of their work is crucial depending on how they are trained in understanding the communication component to their work with senior executives. So the question is how can effective communication be measured among IT leaders to senior executives? There must be some type of standard established that internal and external communication can be measured by to determine success or areas for the company to work on.If this area is neglected, companies will over a long-term period of time begin to decrease profits slowly until it worsens to a company sometimes have to face bankruptcy or outsourcing certain departments not producing effectiveness with their employees. Working on communication effectiveness among executives will increase ROI as different innovative ways are chosen to improve communication. Evaluate change management response of business and technology leaders within organization There must be some type of order with business and technology leaders within an organization when it comes to the change management process.From the high-level documents to the low-level documents, there must be some type of Change Control Board (CCB). If not changes will occur anywhere at any time that can cause serious losses for any company. In responding to changes to a pro duct or service among staff at General Motors (GM), there is a formal approach to Change Management among business and technology leaders and they are the following: †¢ Adding/deleting/changing eatures for the product such as GM requires following the normal Change Management process †¢ Within the Change Management process, business and technology leaders must diagnose problem areas and with the Change Control Board (CCB) have a meeting to go over any additions/changes/deletions needed and make sure all business and technology leaders are there †¢ Once the changes needed have been reviewed by the CCB, then it should be taken to the test department for testing on a test bed before actually being loaded to the live siteOUTSOURCE INSOURCE FINAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS PAPER ON GENERAL MOTORS (GM) When it comes to urgent changes outside the normal Change Management Process, the following must be done: †¢ Urgent changes, changes that must be deployed outside of the normal C hange 12 Management process cadence, follow an expedited path to load these changes as soon as possible especially if a patch is needed at a customer site †¢ The urgent Request for Change (RFC) is submitted, approved, built, tested (where possible), and implemented as above; however, all on an accelerated path.The process allows for urgent changes since they are sometimes unavoidable, however, every attempt is made to minimize these types of changes due to their inherent risk to the production IT environment. Information technology has become a critical component of nearly every business and organization, often driving competitive advantage and the achievement of business objectives. Many organizations have begun to implement structured operational processes and governance models to help manage their IT environments.The IT organization at General Motors (GM) developed an enterprise-wide Change Management (ChM) Program, deployed in early 2006. The objective was to ensure the use of standardized processes for prompt and efficient implementation of changes and to minimize the impact of change-related incidents on IT service levels. Change management metrics are so important for business and technology leaders in capturing this information in a database for different types of reporting to production,